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Although
satins are heavier in texture than twills, the principal characteristic
of the satin weave is its smoothness, which is achieved at
the cost of strength. The smooth surface of the satin weave
is produced by passing the warp yarns over a number of filling
yarns, keeping the interlacing to a minimum. The reflection
of light by the exposed yarns gives the satin weave its sheen.
In a filling satin, the filling yarns are passed over a succession
of warp yarns. Because the filling yarns are weaker than the
warp, satin weaves are subject to more abrasion but are popular,
nevertheless, for their beauty. The best-known satin weaves
are the crepe satin, peau de soie, sateen, and damasks. The
word satin is derived from the name of the Chinese seaport
Chüanchow, formerly called Zaytun, from which this type
of fabric was first exported in the Middle Ages.
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